功能强大的调制叶绿素荧光成像测量系统

Schreiber教授因发明PAM系列调制叶绿素荧光仪而获得首届国际光合作用协会（ISPR）创新奖

Maxi-探头成像面积10��13 cm 可利�?6孔板同时测量96个微藻样品，进行毒理学研究或突变株筛选、�/p> 可选红色激发光版本，用于蓝藻研穵�/td>	Mini-探头 成像面积24��32 mm 可选红色激发光版本，用于蓝藻研穵�/td>	Microscopy-探头成像面积130��150 um 在显微水平上进行藻类生理研究

主要功能

? * 对水生植物、珊瑚、大型海藻样品，或多孔板上的微藻样品进行荧光成像测量

? * 测量程序包括荧光诱导曲线、快速光曲线、淬灭分析、暗弛豫分析筈�/p>

? * 自定义感兴趣的区域（AOI），数据无限获取

? * �?*个AOI（微藻）为对照，软件自动计算其它所有AOI（有毒物质处理的微藻）的光合活性受抑制的比玆�/p>

? * 光合横向异质性的定量分析

? * 荧光图像可导出为JPEG、PNG或TIFF格式

应用领域

微藻、大型海藻、珊瑚、水生植物的生理学研究，特别适于模式种的突变株快速筛选，以及大批量微藻样品的毒理学研究、�/p>

MAXI-探头可以�?6孔板连用，进行微藻毒理学研究或微藻突变株筛选、�/strong> 微藻毒理学研究的实验方法可以参考Schreiber et al. Methodology and evaluation of a highly sensitive algae toxicity test based on multiwell chlorophyll fluorescence imaging.Biosensors and Bioelectronics2007�22:2554-2563.

成像参数Fo� Fm� F� Ft� Fm'� Fv/Fm� ��F/Fm'� qL� qP� qN� NPQ� Y(NPQ)� Y(NO)� ETR� Abs� NIR和Red筈�/p>

* 以上所有参数均可成僎�/p>

* 吸光系数Abs和新参数qL、Y(NPQ)和Y(NO)的成像是IMAGING-PAM独有皃�/p>

* 生态毒理学研究中，选一个参考点，可以直接求出其它处理（如农药）的受抑制程度Inh.

IMAGING-PAM应用于水生生物学、海洋学、毒理学等领域的部分文献

1.Cs��sz��r NBM� Ralph PJ� Frankham R� Berkelmans R� van Oppen MJH: Estimating the Potential for Adaptation of Corals to Climate Warming.PLoS ONE2010�5(3):e9751. doi:9710.1371/journal.pone.0009751.[IMAGING-PAM]

2.Gao S� Chen X-Y� Yi Q-Q� Wang G-C� Pan G-H� Lin A-P� Peng G: A Strategy for the Proliferation ofUlva prolifera� Main Causative Species of Green Tides� with Formation of Sporangia by Fragmentation.PLoS One2010�5(1):e8571. doi:8510.1371/journal.pone.0008571.[IMAGING-PAM]

3.段晓琼， 唐秋菊， 禇胜利， 杜林斸� 利用Imaging-PAM研究莱茵衣藻对环境变化的影响.植物生理学通讯2010�46(3):263-267.[IMAGING-PAM]

4.Chalifour A� Spear PA� Boily MH� DeBlois C� Giroux I� Dassylva N� Juneau P: Assessment of toxic effects of pesticide extracts on different green algal species by using chlorophyll a fluorescence.Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry2009�91(7):1315-1329.[IMAGING-PAM]

5.Cooper TF� Ulstrup KE: Mesoscale variation in the photophysiology of the reef building coralPocillopora damicornisalong an environmental gradientEstuarine� Coastal and Shelf Science2009�83(2):186-196.[IMAGING-PAM]

6.Escher BI� Bramaz N� Lienert J� Neuwoehner J� Straub JO: Mixture toxicity of the antiviral drug Tamiflu? (oseltamivir ethylester) and its active metabolite oseltamivir acidAquatic Toxicology2009�96(3):194-202.[IMAGING-PAM]

7.Franz S� Altenburger R� Heilmeier H� Schmitt-Jansen M: What contributes to the sensitivity of microalgae to triclosan? .Aquatic Toxicology2009�90(2):102-108.[IMAGING-PAM]

8.Holzinger A� Roleda MY� L��tz C: The vegetative arctic freshwater green algaZygnemais insensitive to experimental UV exposureMicron2009�40(8):931-838.[IMAGING-PAM]

9.Mieog JC� Olsen JL� Berkelmans R� Bleuler-Martinez SA� Willis BL� Oppen MJHv: The Roles and Interactions of Symbiont� Host and Environment in Defining Coral Fitness.PLoS One2009�4(7):e6364.[IMAGING-PAM]

10.Shaw M� Negri A� Fabricius K� Mueller JF: Predicting water toxicity: Pairing passive sampling with bioassays on the Great Barrier ReefAquatic Toxicology2009�95(2):108-116.[IMAGING-PAM]

11.Sussman M� Mieog JC� Doyle J� Victor S� Willis BL� Bourne DG:VibrioZinc-Metalloprotease Causes Photoinactivation of Coral Endosymbionts and Coral Tissue Lesions.PLoS ONE2009�4(2):e4511.[IMAGING-PAM]

12.Vermeirssen ELM� Bramaz N� Hollender J� Singer H� Escher BI: Passive sampling combined with ecotoxicological and chemical analysis of pharmaceuticals and biocides � evaluation of three Chemcatcher? configurationsWater Research2009�43(4):903-914.[IMAGING-PAM]

13.林阿朋， 王超� 乔洪金， 潘光华， 王广策， 宋厉芸， 孙松� 周百戏� 青岛海域漂浮和沉降浒苔的光合作用研究.科学通报2009�54(4):294-298.[MICROSCOPY-IMAGING-PAM]

14.Abrego D� Ulstrup KE� Willis BL� van Oppen MJH: Species–specific interactions between algal endosymbionts and coral hosts define their bleaching response to heat and light stressProc R Soc Lond B2008�275(1648):2273-2282.[IMAGING-PAM]

15.Ainsworth TD� Hoegh-Guldberg O� Heron SF� Skirving WJ� Leggat W: Early cellular changes are indicators of pre-bleaching thermal stress in the coral hostJournal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology2008�364(2):63-71.[IMAGING-PAM]

16.Ali NA� Juneau P� Didur O� Perreault F� Popovic R: Effect of dichromate on photosystem II activity in xanthophyll deficient mutants ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii.Photosynthesis Research2008�95(1):45-53.[IMAGING-PAM]

17.Busch A� Rimbauld B� Naumann B� Rensch S� Hippler M: Ferritin is required for rapid remodeling of the photosynthetic apparatus and minimizes photo-oxidative stress in response to iron availability inChlamydomonas reinhardtii.Plant Journal2008�55(2):201-211.[IMAGING-PAM]

18.Escher BI� Bramaz N� Mueller JF� Quayle P� Rutishauser S� Vermeirssen ELM: Toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQs) for baseline toxicity and specific modes of action as a tool to improve interpretation of ecotoxicity testing of environmental samples.Journal of Environmental Monitoring2008�10:612-621.[IMAGING-PAM� TOXY-PAM]

19.Hall-Spencer JM� Rodolfo-Metalpa R� Martin S� Ransome E� Fine M� Turner SM� Rowley SJ� Tedesco D� Buia M-C: Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification.Nature2008�454:96-99.[IMAGING-PAM� DIVING-PAM]

20.Magnusson M� Heimann K� Negri AP: Comparative effects of herbicides on photosynthesis and growth of tropical estuarine microalgaeMarine Pollution Bulletin2008�56(9):1545-1552.[IMAGING-PAM� TOXY-PAM]

21.Middlebrook R� Hoegh-Guldberg O� Leggat W: The effect of thermal history on the susceptibility of reef-building corals to thermal stress.Journal of Experimental Biology2008�211(7):1050-1056.[IMAGING-PAM]

22.Muller R� Schreiber U� Escher BI� Quayle P� Nash SMB� Mueller JF: Rapid exposure assessment of PSII herbicides in surface water using a novel chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging assayScience of The Total Environment2008�401(1-3):1-3.[IMAGING-PAM� TOXY-PAM]

23.Nicolaisen K� Moslavac S� Samborski A� Valdebenito M� Hantke K� Maldener I� Muro-Pastor AM� Flores E� Schleiff E: Alr0397 is an outer membrane transporter for the siderophore schizokinen inAnabaenasp. strain PCC 7120.Journal of Bacteriology2008�190(22):7500-7507.[IMAGING-PAM]

24.Nielsen HD� Nielsen SL: Evaluation of imaging and conventional PAM as a measure of photosynthesis in thin- and thick-leaved marine macroalgae.Aquatic Biology2008�3:121-131.[IMAGING-PAM]

25.Roff G� Kvennefors ECE� Ulstrup KE� Fine M� Hoegh-Guldberg O: Coral disease physiology: the impact of Acroporid white syndrome on SymbiodiniumCoral Reefs2008�27(2):373-377.[IMAGING-PAM]

26.Roff G� Ulstrup KE� Fine M� Ralph PJ� Hoegh-Guldberg O: Spatial heterogeneity of photosynthetic activity within diseased corals from the Great Barrier Reef.Journal of Phycology2008�44(2):526-538.[IMAGING-PAM]

27.Shaw CM� Lam PKS� Mueller JF: Photosystem II herbicide pollution in Hong Kong and its potential photosynthetic effects on coralsMarine Pollution Bulletin2008�57(6-12):473-478.[IMAGING-PAM]

28.Costanzo SD� Watkinson AJ� Murby EJ� Kolpin DW� Sandstrom MW: Is there a risk associated with the insect repellent DEET (N，N-diethyl-m-toluamide) commonly found in aquatic environments? .Science of The Total Environment2007�384(1-3):214-220.[IMAGING-PAM]

29.K��ster A� Altenburger R: Development and validation of a new fluorescence-based bioassay for aquatic macrophyte speciesChemosphere2007�67(1):194-201.[IMAGING-PAM]

30.Runcie JW� Riddle MJ: Assessing the toxic effects of dissolved copper on the Antarctic macroalgaDesmarestia menziesiiusing chlorophyll fluorescence imaging in ecotoxicological testsToxicological & Environmental Chemistry2007�89(4):641-653.[DIVING-PAM� IMAGING-PAM]

31.Schreiber U� Quayle P� Schmidt S� Escher BI� Mueller JF: Methodology and evaluation of a highly sensitive algae toxicity test based on multiwell chlorophyll fluorescence imaging.Biosensors and Bioelectronics2007�22(11):2554-2563.[IMAGING-PAM]

32.Ulstrup KE� K��hl M� Bourne DG: Zooxanthellae harvested by ciliates associated with brown band syndrome of corals remain photosynthetically competent.Applied and Environmental Microbiology2007�73(6):1968-1975.[IMAGING-PAM]

33.Eggert A� Haubner N� Klausch S� Karsten U� Schumann R: Quantification of algal biofilms colonising building materials: chlorophyll a measured by PAM-fluorometry as a biomass parameter.Biofouling2006�22(1-2):79-90.[PAM-2000� IMAGING-PAM]

34.Escher BI� Quayle P� Muller R� Schreiber U� Mueller JF: Passive sampling of herbicides combined with effect analysis in algae using a novel high-throughput phytotoxicity assay (Maxi-Imaging-PAM).Journal of Environmental Monitoring2006�8:456-464.[IMAGING-PAM]

35.Kuster A� Altenburger R: Development and validation of a new fluorescence-based bioassay for aquatic macrophyte species.Chemosphere2006�67(1):194-201.[IMAGING-PAM]

36.Vopel K� Hawes I: Photosynthetic performance of benthic microbial mats in Lake Hoare� Antarctica.Limnology and Oceanography2006�51(4):1801-1812.[IMAGING-PAM]

37.Gog L� Berenbaum MR� DeLucia EH� Zangerl AR: Autotoxic effects of essential oils on photosynthesis in parsley� parsnip� and rough lemon.Chemoecology2005�15:115-119.[IMAGING-PAM]

38.K��hl M� Chen M� Ralph PJ� Schreiber U� Larkum AWD: A niche for cyanobacteria containing chlorophyll d.Nature2005�433:820.[IMAGING-PAM]

39.Nielsen HD� Nielsen SL: Photosynthetic responses to Cu2+ exposure are independent of light acclimation and uncoupled from growth inhibition inFucus serratus(Phaeophyceae)Marine Pollution Bulletin2005�51(8-12):715-721.[IMAGING-PAM]

40.Podola B� Melkonian M: Selective real-time herbicide monitoring by an array chip biosensor employing diverse microalgae.Journal of Applied Phycology2005�17(3):261-271.[IMAGING-PAM]

41.Ralph PJ� Macinnis-Ng CMO� Frankart C: Fluorescence imaging application: effect of leaf age on seagrass photokinetics.Aquatic Botany2005�81:69-84.[IMAGING-PAM]

42.Ralph PJ� Schreiber U� Gademann R� K��hl M� Larkum AWD: Coral photobiology studied with a new imaging pulse amplitude modulated fluorometer.Journal of Phycology2005�41(2):335-342.[IMAGING-PAM]

43.Hill R� Larkum AWD� Frankart C� K��hl M� Ralph PJ: Loss of functional Photosystem II reaction centres in zooxanthellae of corals exposed to bleaching conditions: using fluorescence rise kinetics.Photosynthesis Research2004�82:59-72.[IMAGING-PAM]

44.Hill R� Schreiber U� Gademann R� Larkum AWD� K��hl M� Ralph PJ: Spatial heterogeneity of photosynthesis and the effect of temperature-induced bleaching conditions in three species of corals.Marine Biology2004�144:633-640.[IMAGING-PAM]

45.Podola B� Nowack ECM� Melkonian M: The use of multiple-strain algal sensor chips for the detection and identification of volatile organic compounds.Biosensors and Bioelectronics2004�19:1253-1260.[IMAGING-PAM]