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Flexible sensors are highly desirable for tactile sensing and wearable devices. Previous researches of smart elementshave focused on flexible pressure or temperature sensors. However, realizing material identification remains a challenge. Here, we report a multifunctional sensor composed of hydrophobic films and graphene/polydimethylsiloxanesponges. By engineering and optimizing sponges, the fabricated sensor exhibits a high-pressure sensitivityof >15.22 per kilopascal, a fast response time of <74 millisecond, and a high stability over >3000 cycles. In the caseof temperature stimulus, the sensor exhibits a temperature-sensing resolution of 1 kelvin via the thermoelectriceffect. The sensor can generate output voltage signals after physical contact with different flat materials based oncontact-induced electrification. The corresponding signals can be, in turn, used to infer material properties. Thismultifunctional sensor is excellent in its low cost and material identification, which provides a design concept formeeting the challenges in functional electronics.