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色谱?/a>
测量/计量仪器
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混合朹/a>
恒温/加热/干燥设备
水质分析
气体检测仪
北分三谱食品中有机氯农药多组分残留量的测宙/span>
1范围
本标准规定了食品中六六六(HCH)、滴滴滴(DDD)、六氯苯、灭蚁灵、七氯、氯丹、艾氏剂、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、硫丹、五氯硝基苯的测定方法。第事/span>法规定了食品中六六六、滴滴涕(DDT)残留量的测定方法、/span>
本标准适用于肉类、蛋类、乳类动物性食品和椌/span>物(含油脁/span>(/span>?/span>a-HCH、六氯苯、仕HCH?/span>
r-HCH、五氯硝基苯?/span>o-HCH、五氯苯胺、七氯、五氯苯基硫酪、艾氏剂、氧氯丹、环氧七氯、反式氯丹?/span>
a?/span>丹、顺式氯丹?/span>pp'-滴滴伉/span>(DDE汃狄氎/span>剂、异狄氏剂、仕硫丹?/span>pp'-DDD?/span>op '-DDT、异狄氏剂醒?/span>硫丹硫酸盐?/span>pp'-DDT、异狄氏剂酮、灭蚁灵的分析。第二法适用千各类食品中HCH?/span>DDT残留量的测定、/span>
测定的检出限随试样基质而不吋/span>+/span>参见附录A。第二法的检出限:取样量2g终体积为
5 rnL进样体积丹/span>10 .L时,a-HCH?/span>/3-HCH?/span>Y-H CH?/span>o-HCH依次丹/span>o. 038 .g/ kg?/span>o. 16 .g/kg?/span>
o.047.g/kg?/span>0. 070.g/kg;pp'-DDE?/span>o p'-DDT?/span>pp'-DDD?/span>pp'-DDT依次丹/span>o. 23 .g/ kg?/span>o. 50 .g/kg?/span>
1.8 .g/ kg?/span>2. 1 .g/kg、/span>
毛细管柱气相色谱-电子捕获检测器泔/span>
2原理
试样中有机氯农药组分经有机溶剂提取、凝胶色谱层析净化,用毛细管柱气相色谱分离,电子捕获检测器检测,以保留时间定性,外标法定量、/span>
3试剂
3.1丙酮(CH3COCH3):分析纯,重蒸、/span>
3.2石油?/span>9/span>沸程30"C~60c+/span>分析纯,重蒸、/span>
3.3乘/span>酸乙酶/span>(CH3COOC2毓/span>):刅/span>枏/span>?/span>+/span>重蒸、/span>
3.4环己?/span>(C6H12):分析纯,重蒸、/span>
3.5正已?/span>(n忂/span>H忂/span>9/span>分析?/span>+/span>重蒸、/span>
3.6氯化钟/span>(NaCl) :分析纯、/span>
3.7无水硫酸钟/span>(Na2S04):刅/span>析纯,将无水硫酸钠置干燥箱中,于120C干燥4h+/span>冷却后,密闭保存、/span>
3.8聚苯乙烯凝胶(Bio-BeadsS-X3) :200?/span>~400?/span>,或同类产品、/span>
3.9农药标准品:a-六六?/span>(a-HCH)、六氯苯(HCB)?/span>f3-六六?/span>(/3-HCH)?/span>Y-六六?/span>(Y-HCH)、五氯硝基苯(PCNB)?/span>8-六六?/span>(8-HCH)、五氯苯胹/span>(PCA)、七?/span>(Heptachlor)、五氯苯基硫?/span>(PCPs)、艾氏剂(Aldrin)、氧氯丹(Oxychlordane)、环氧七?/span>(Heptachlorepoxide入反氯丹(trans-chlordane)?/span>a-硫丹(a-endosulfan)、顺?/span>丸/span>(cis-chlordane )?/span>pp'-滴滴伉/span>(pp'-DDE)、狄氎/span>剁/span>(Dieldrin)、异狄氏剁/span>
(Endrin)?/span>f3-硫丹(/3-endosulfan)?/span>pp'-滴滴滳/span>(pp'-DDD)?/span>ap'-滴滴涔/span>(o p '-DDT汃异狄氏剂陛
(Endrin aldehyde入硫丹硫酸盐(Endos ul fansulfate)?/span>pp'-滴滴涔/span>(pp '-DDT入异狄氏剂酮(Endrin
ketone)、灭蚁灵( Mirex) 纯度均应不低亍/span>98 %、/span>
3.10标准溶液的配制:分别准确称取或量取上述农药标准品适量,用少量苯溶解,再用正已烧稀释成一定浓度的标准储备溶液。量取适量标准储备溶液,用正已烧稀释为系列混合标准溶液、/span>
4仪器
4.1气相色谱?/span>(GC) :配有电子捕获检测器(ECD)、/span>
4.2凝胶净化柱9/span>镾/span>30cm内径2.3cm~2.5cm具活塞玻璃层析柱+/span>柱底垫少讷/span>玻璃棉。用洗脱剁/span>乙酸乙酣,/span>环己?/span>Cl+l)浸泡的凝胵/span>+/span>以湿法装入柱?/span>+/span>柱床高约26cm凝胶始终保待在洗脱剂中、/span>
4.3全自动凝胶色谰/span>系统9/span>带有固定波长(254 nm)紫外检测器,供选择使用、/span>
4.4旋转蒸发仪、/span>
4.5组织匀浆器、/span>
4.6振荡器、/span>
4.7氮气浓缩器、/span>
5分析步骤
5.1试样制备
蛋品去壳,制成匀浆;肉品去筋后,切成小块,制成肉糜;乳品混匀待用、/span>
5.2提取与分酌/span>
5. 2. 1蛋类9/span>称取试样20g(精确?/span>0. 01g)卂/span>200 mL具塞三角瓶中,加氳/span>5 mL(视试样水分含量加氳/span>+/span>使总水量约丹/span>20g。通常鲜蛋水分含量?/span>75%+/span>加水5mL即可(/span>,再加入40mL丘/span>?/span>+/span>振摇30min名/span>,加入氯化钠6 g充分摇匀,再加入30 mL石油酪,振摇30min。静置分层后,将有机相全部转移至100mL具塞三角瓶中经无氳/span>硫酸钠干?/span>,并歉取35 mL于旋转蒸发瓶中,浓缩至约1 mL加入2mL乙酸乙酣-环己烧Cl+ l)溶液再浓缩,如此重复3次,浓缩至约1mL供凝胶色谱层析净化使用,或将浓缩涱/span>转移至全自动凝胶渗透色谱系绞/span>配套的进样试管中,用乙酸乙酷-环己烧Cl+l)溶液洗涤旋转蒸发瓶数次,将洗涤液合并至试管中,定容至10mL、/span>
5.2.2肉类9/span>称取试样20g(精确?/span>0. 01g)+/span>加水15mL(视试样水分含量加水,使总水量约20g)。加
40 mL丙酮,振摆/span>30 min+/span>以下按照5. 2. 1蛋类试样的提取、分配步骤处理、/span>
5.2.3乳类9/span>称取试样20g(精确?/span>o.01g)+/span>鲜乳不需加水,直接加丙酮提取。以下按?/span>5.2.1蛋类试样的提取、分配步骤处理、/span>
5.2.4大豆沸/span>9/span>称取试样1g(精确?/span>0.01g)+/span>直接加入30mL石油酪,振摇30min后,将有机相全部转移至旋转蒸发瓶中,浓缩至约1mL功/span>2mL乙酸乙酣,/span>环己?/span>Cl+l)溶液再浓缩,如此重复3次,浒/span>缩至?/span>1mL供凝胶色谱层析净化使用,或将浓缩液转移至全自动凝胶渗透色谱系统配套的进样试管中,用乙酸乙白/span>护环巰/span>?/span>Cl+l)溶液洗涤旋转蒸发瓶数次,将洗涤液合并至试管中,定容至10mL、/span>
5.2.5植物籺/span>9/span>称取试样匀浅/span>20g+/span>加水5mL(视其水分含量加水,使怺/span>水量?/span>20mL)加丙?/span>40mL振荡30min加氯化钠6g+/span>摇匀。加石油?/span>30mL再振荠/span>30min以下按照5.2.1蛋类试样的提取、分配步骤处理、/span>
5.3净匕/span>
选择手动或全自动净化方法的任何一种进行、/span>
5. 3.1手动凝胶色谱柱净匕/span>9/span>将试样浓缩液经凝胶柱以乙酸乙白/span>昔环巰/span>?/span>Cl+D溶液洗脱,弃厺/span>0mL~35 mL流分+/span>收集35 mL~70 mL流分。将其旋转蒸发浓缩至?/span>1 mL再经凝胶柱净化收雅/span>35 mL~ 70mL流分,蒸发浓?/span>,用氮气吹除溶剂,用正已烧定容至1 mL留待GC分析、/span>
5.3.2全自动凝胶渗透色谱系统净匕/span>:试样由5mL试样环注入凝胶渗透色谰/span>(GPC)柰/span>+/span>泵流逞/span>
5.0mL/min以乙酸乙酢/span>,/span>环己?/span>Cl+D溶液洗脱,弃厺/span>0min~7.5min流分+/span>收集7.5min~15min
流分+/span>15 min~20 min冲洗GPC柱。将收集的流分旋转蒸发浓缩至?/span>1 mL用氮气吹至近干,用正己/span>烧定容至1 mL留待GC分析、/span>
5.4测定
5.4.1气相色谱参考条仵/span>
5. 4.1.1色谱柱:DM-5石英弹性毛细管柰/span>,长30m、内徃/span>0.32mm、膜厙/span>0.25p.m;或等效柱、/span>
5. 4.1.2柱温:程序升?/span>
90CC1min)40?c/minl70?c23?c/min230C(l7min)40?c/min280C(5min)
5. 4.1.3进样口温度:280"C、/span>不分流进栶/span>,进样量1.L、/span>
5. 4.1.4检测器9/span>电子捕获检测器(ECO) 温度300c、/span>
5. 4.1.5载气流逞/span>9/span>氮气CN2汃流逞/span>1mL/min;尾吹+/span>25mL/min、/span>
5. 4.1.6柱前压:0.5MPa、/span>
5.4.2色谱分析
分别吸取1 .L混合标准液及试样净化液注入气相色谱仪中,记录色谱图,以保留时间定性,以试样和标准的峰高或峰面积比较定量、/span>
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